User:Thefam/Xanz

This is a draft of the Xanz / Hãnz language.

This page is in userspace because all of it (including the name) is subject to revision. It will be moved to a normal page when the name is finalized.

Phonology
With nasal versions of all of them.

Diphthongs: eu, iu [others?]

Stops become nasal after nasal vowels.

nasal+stop ok as coda if voicing matches

Primary stress falls on the initial syllable and secondary stress on alternate syllables following. Unstressed e, y, and o delete in medial syllables (so, páxel + i → páxli).

Romanization
Acute accent indicates a nasal vowel when nasality is not clear from context. (e.g. in "xanz" it's clearly nasal from the n, but in "páxel" it wouldn't be clear)

Sajem Tan
Xanz -> ST:
 * m̥ n̥ ɲ̊ > fm fn sn
 * l > sl (actually the borrowing is before ST /l r/ become lateral fricatives)
 * eu > el, iu > ol

Words:
 * t_t_t > tetyt (king)
 * l_t_b > slitim (striped)

Vowel Patterns

 * _á__(e) - agentive noun
 * _a_a_ - intensive
 * _á_e_ - passive voice
 * _a_i_ - habitual or stative verb
 * _e_á_ - perfective
 * _e_y_ - patient noun
 * _eu_eu_ - middle voice
 * _eu_éú_ - witnessive (usually either saw someone doing something or saw while doing something, depending on the verb)
 * _ó_a_ - instrument
 * _u_í_ - active voice
 * _y_o_ - causative

Morphology
So for páxel "island"

Tenses other than the present are normally formed by adding one of the following affixes between the person prefix and the stem:


 * ji - distant past (prior to yesterday)
 * ??? - recent past (earlier today or yesterday)
 * ??? - intended future
 * ??? - possible (all time frames)
 * ??? - desired (usually future, but sometimes present or past)

However, there are some irregularities, so the full table is presented below

Lexember roots

 * 1) xdz wisdom
 * 2) gsd organize
 * 3) ttd follow
 * 4) kbp confuse
 * 5) pxl surround
 * 6) kdd speak
 * 7) zbk flow, xtd attract
 * 8) fthb sail
 * 9) wlb sing
 * 10) g'd sit
 * 11) bdd sleep
 * 12) sjd tangent
 * 13) 'dp walk
 * 14) thfb finish
 * 15) ddl shenanigan
 * 16) bwd drink (cultural stuff TODO)
 * 17) tjw story
 * 18) bgth eat
 * 19) dxd remember
 * 20) ssp greet
 * 21) wts demonstrate
 * 22) assorted numbers
 * 23) pkd fish
 * 24) pds celebrate
 * 25) gxth count
 * 26) fb' give
 * 27) sjj burn
 * 28) jps wash
 * 29) twt small
 * 30) tbg laugh
 * 31) kgj begin

Numbers
Xanz Dec 22 b-d-th /b-d-θ/ 1, alone (banthe) t-g-th /t-g-θ/ 2, repeat, recur (tegyth) f-l-th /f-l-θ/ 3 (falith) b-g-l /b-g-l/ 4 (bagil) t-d-x /t-d-x/ 5 (tedyx) j-f-' /j-f-ʔ/ 6 (jáfe') k-g-w /k-g-w/ 12 (kagiw) b-th-d /b-θ-d/ 144 (bathid) -(e)k /(ɛ)k/ and (enclitic)

So yeah, base 6/12 with nothing terribly strange as yet. I think at least one more of the numbers besides 1 and 2 has a verbal meaning, but I'm not sure which one.

Numerals are nouns and enumerate objects appear in the genitive case: páxli banthe - 1 island páxli tegyth - 2 islands páxli jáfi tegyth - 7 islands páxli kagiwek falith - 15 islands

One of the derivative cases can be used to refer to a number of items out of a larger group: amháxeli banthe - 1 of the islands amháxeli tegyth - 2 of the islands

And using the other derivative case, ratios: etedyxi amháxeli tegyth - 2 islands out of the 5 etedyxi tegyth - 2 out of 5, 2/5